Arrangement of radiators in flying machines



L. WAGENSEIL. ARRANGEMENT OFRADIATORS IN FLYING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 28, I920- Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LU'DWIG wAeENsmt, or DESSAU, GERMANY; AssIGNoa 'ro noeo JUNKERS, or

- nEssAu, GERMANY.

' ARRANGEMENT or, RADIATORS 1N FLYING mAcnmrs.

To all whomz't may concern:

Be it known that I, LUDWIG WAcENsEIL, a German citizen, residing at Dessau, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Arrangement of Radlators in Flying Machines, (for which I have filed an application in Germany March 13, 1917,) of which the following is a specification.

In my copending a plication for patent of the United statea erial No. 73,987, filed January 24, 1916, I have disclosed a novel system of arranging the radiator in motor driven vehicles and quite especially in flying machines, the purpose of the said system being to reduce the'resistance of the air passing throu h the radiator by reducing the velocity 0 the air and in consequence thereof .the frictional resistance within the channels 'of the radiator, through which the air passes. To this end I have arranged the ra-' diator within a pipe-shaped enclosure whose cross-section changes in the direction of the flow of air, the radiator being disposed at the point of largest cross-sectional area, while the inlet and outlet openings of the enclosure have a smaller cross-section, so that the quantity of air, entering the radiator, while the vehicle is moving, is less than with aradiator arrangedafter the old fashion.

y arranging the radiator as described the proportion between buoyancy and resistance of the flying machine as a whole is improved on account of the reduction of resistance obtained as compared with the old radiator arrangements. The greater this proportion, the better the flying efliciency of a flying machine. I u I It is an object of my present invention to further improve the proportion] between buoyancy and resistance by arranging the radiator and its resistancereducing enclo sure in such a manner, that the air flowing through and along the enclosure does not only encounter less resistance than in a radiator arranged on the old-lines, but also increases the buoyancy of the machine, the

pressure exerted by the air flowing throughthe enclosure while the flying machine is moving horizontally, having a vertical component. To this end an enclosure of s metrical constructionmay-be given a shght inclinationwithregard to the direction of travel, the front end being for instancedisosed somewhat-higher than the rearend. p The buoyancy can be 'still further increased component, Experience has shown that 110 Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 11, 192 2. Application filed June 28,

1920. Serial No. 392,426.

by means of an enclosure in which the line bisecting its vertical longitudinal section is curved upwards about in the same manner as ifn' the profile. of the usual supporting sur-.

aces.

- According to the present invention the envelope or enclosure surrounding the radlator and constructed to increase the-buoyancy of the flying machine may either be in- .ent. invention are, shown. -In the drawingsigs. 1 to 5 are vertical sections, extendmg in the direction 'oftravel, of buoyancy prowithin. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of a flying machine, having radiators arranged within its,

supporting surfaces according to Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the radiator, 2 is the enclosure, 3 the air inlet and 4 the air outlet. The winged arrows indicate the direction of travel of the flying machine, while the plain arrows indicate the air current arising during the flight.-

As shown in Fig. 1, the crossrsection of the enclosure is suchlthat its (dotted) center line is curved upwards. At the flying machine travelling along not only the air flow-' ingthrough the. enclosure and through the radlator is deflected downwards, but at the. same time the air flowing externally along the enclosure is influenced in amanner simi-- lartoghat of the air flowing along a supportin wing, in such a manner as to exert on the enclosurea strong buoyancy efiect.

As shown in Figs.- 2' and 3, respectively, either portion of the enclosure may be replaced by a supporting surface.

Other surfaces existing in flying machines may replace theenclosure in a' similar man-- ner. Thus Fig. 4 shows-an enclosure-whose lower portion is formed by the upper covering wall of the body. In all these casesit is essential that the air can .flow' alo the enclosureor along the wall or surface 0 ing, part thereof in such a manner,,tha t the current pressure has an upwardly directed 75 ducing enclosures with the radiator arranged lot I center line bisecting the enclosure is curve upwards.

An especially favorable effect is obtained by arranging the radiator withinv the sup porting surface itself, this latter being provided with air channels as shown by way of example in Figs. 5 and 6. The supporting surface 5 has an air channel formed in its interior, said channel first expanding gradually from the air inlet 3 at the front edge and then again contracting towards the outlet 4 at the rear edge of the supporting surface. At the point of largest crosssectional area of this channel the radiator 1 is arranged. In this arrangement the resistance reducing enclosure is utilized in the 'very best manner for the simultaneous increase of buoyancy.

Arrangements for changing the cooling effi'ciency of the radiator, such as disclosed in my oopending application SerialN o. 73,987 may be employed also in connection with the arrangements described above.

I claim I l 1. The combination, withthe radiator of a flying machine, of an open end casing surrounding s'aid' radiator, said casing being formed so as to produce, on moving through the air, an upwardly directed component.

2. The combination, with the radiator of a flying machine, of an open end casing surrounding said radiator, said casing be ing formed so that the line bisecting its vertical longitudinal section is curved up;

wards- 3. The combination, with the radiator of a flying machine, of an open end casing surrounding said radiator, said casing being formed so that the line bisecting its vertical longitudinal section is inclined towards the direction of flight.

4. The combination, with the radiator of a flying machine, of an open end casing surrounding said radiator, said casing being shaped so as to produce, on moving through the air, an upwardly directed component surrounding said radiator, said casing being shaped so as to produce, on moving through the air, an upwardly directed component and being formed in part by a supporting surface.

7. In a flyingmachine in combination, a supporting surface, a channel open at both endssubstantially extending from the front edge to the rear edge of said surface and a radiator arranged within said channel.

8. In a flying machine in combination, a supporting surface, a channel open at both ends and having its upper wall curved upwards, substantially extending from the front edge to the rear edge of said surface and a radiator arranged at the place of greatest cross-sectional area of said channel.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

LUDWIG' WAGENSEIL. 

